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The Utilization level of renewable energy continued to improve

 The overall balance between power supply and demand was maintained, and the utilization level of renewable energy continued to improve in 2020 


(I)


The power supply capacity of non fossil energy continued to increase


In 2020, China's power supply and demand will be in overall balance. The national full caliber power generation will be 7.62 trillion kwh, with a year-on-year increase of 4.0%, and the growth rate will continue to slow down. Among them, hydropower generation was 1.36 trillion kwh, a year-on-year increase of 4.1%; Thermal power generation was 5.17 trillion kwh, a year-on-year increase of 2.5%; Nuclear power generation was 366.2 billion kwh, a year-on-year increase of 5.0%; Wind power and solar power generation increased rapidly, reaching 466.5 billion kWh and 261.1 billion kwh respectively, with a year-on-year increase of 15.1% and 16.6% respectively; Biomass power generation was 132.6 billion kwh, a year-on-year increase of 19.4%, and continued to maintain a relatively high growth.


In 2020, the national full caliber non fossil energy power generation will be 2.58 trillion kwh, a year-on-year increase of 7.9%, accounting for 33.9% of the national full caliber power generation, a year-on-year increase of 1.2 percentage points, and the power supply capacity of non fossil energy will continue to increase. The national full caliber coal-fired power generation was 4.63 trillion kwh, a year-on-year increase of 1.7%, accounting for 60.8% of the national full caliber power generation, a year-on-year decrease of 1.4 percentage points. In 2020, the cumulative power generation of nuclear power units in operation will be 366.2 billion kwh, accounting for 4.94% of the national cumulative power generation, the highest in recent five years.


Figure 13 proportion of national power generation and non fossil energy power generation from 2015 to 2020 (unit: 100 million kwh,%)


During the 13th Five Year Plan period, China's full caliber power generation increased by 5.8% annually, of which non fossil energy power generation increased by 10.6% annually, accounting for 33.9% of the total power generation in 2020 from 27.2% in 2015, an increase of 6.7 percentage points; The average annual growth rate of coal-fired power generation is 3.5%, and its proportion in the total power generation decreased from 67.9% in 2015 to 60.8% in 2020, a decrease of 7.1 percentage points.


(II)


The utilization hours of hydropower and nuclear power equipment increased year-on-year


In 2020, the cumulative average utilization hours of power generation equipment of power plants with 6000 kW and above will be 3758 hours, a year-on-year decrease of 70 hours. The utilization hours of hydropower and nuclear power equipment increased year-on-year. The average utilization hours of hydropower equipment were 3827 hours, an increase of 130 hours year-on-year. The utilization hours of nuclear power equipment were 7453 hours, an increase of 59 hours year-on-year. The average utilization hours of thermal power equipment were 4216 hours, a year-on-year decrease of 92 hours. The average utilization hours of grid connected wind power were 2073 hours, a year-on-year decrease of 10 hours. The average utilization hours of photovoltaic are 1281 hours, a year-on-year decrease of 10 hours.


From the perspective of the average utilization hours of power generation equipment in China, it has generally shown a downward trend in recent ten years and rebounded in 2018. Since 2015, the average utilization hours of power generation equipment in China have continuously decreased to less than 4000 hours.


In 2020, the utilization hours of hydropower equipment will be 3827 hours, exceeding 3800 hours for the first time over the years, an increase of 130 hours year-on-year. According to the data of the national energy administration, in 2020, the amount of water abandoned in major river basins in China was about 30.1 billion kwh, and the utilization rate of water energy was about 96.61%, an increase of 0.73 percentage points over the same period of last year, which further alleviated the situation of water abandoned.


Table 5 utilization hours of power generation equipment from 2011 to 2020 (unit: hour)


The utilization hours of thermal power equipment were 4216 hours, a year-on-year decrease of 92 hours, including 4340 hours of coal power, a year-on-year decrease of 89 hours. With the enhancement of power transmission and distribution capacity, the scale of cross regional power transmission increased rapidly, supporting a certain amount of thermal power generation. The thermal power generation increased steadily, but its proportion in the total power generation continued to decline. Affected by the regional differences in power supply and demand and the congestion of renewable energy on the grid, the utilization efficiency of thermal power units is still low. In 2020, the development of "new infrastructure" will be accelerated, some UHV will be put into operation, the positioning of coal power will change from main power supply to basic power supply, and more peak shaving and frequency modulation services will be provided. In 2020, the establishment and improvement of local power capacity market and power auxiliary service market will also provide policy support for the transformation of coal power positioning.


Figure 14 variation of utilization hours of power generation equipment with different power sources from 2011 to 2020


In 2020, the average utilization hours of nuclear power were 7453 hours, an increase of 59 hours year-on-year. In 2020, two nuclear power units will be loaded for the first time, namely Tianwan nuclear power unit 5 and Fuqing nuclear power unit 5. Over the past decade, the utilization hours of nuclear power have fluctuated, decreased significantly from 2015 to 2017, and rebounded to a higher level in previous years after 2018.


(III)


The level of renewable energy utilization continued to improve


China has vigorously promoted the development and utilization of clean energy, and many indicators such as hydropower, wind power, photovoltaic and the installed capacity of nuclear power under construction remain the first in the world. Wind power and photovoltaic power generation have achieved parity and no subsidy, and the utilization rate of wind power, photovoltaic power generation and hydropower has increased to more than 95%. In 2020, the national abandoned wind power will be 16.61 billion kwh, with a wind power utilization rate of 96.5%, an increase of 0.5 percentage points year-on-year; The waste power is 5.26 billion kwh, and the utilization rate of photovoltaic power generation is 98.0%, which is basically the same as last year. The 2020 new energy utilization target of China and key provinces proposed in the clean energy consumption action plan (2018-2020) has been fully completed.


The installed capacity of renewable energy has expanded steadily. By the end of 2020, the installed capacity of renewable energy power generation in China had reached 934 million KW, a year-on-year increase of about 17.5%. Renewable energy power generation continued to grow. In 2020, the national renewable energy power generation reached 221.48 billion kwh, a year-on-year increase of about 8.4%.


The utilization rate of renewable energy remains high. In 2020, the waste water and electricity in major river basins in China will be about 30.1 billion kwh, a decrease of 4.6 billion kwh compared with the same period last year. The utilization rate of water energy is about 96.61%, an increase of 0.73 percentage points over the same period of last year. The waste water mainly occurs in Sichuan Province. The waste water power of its main river basins is about 20.2 billion kwh, a decrease of 7.7 billion kwh compared with the same period last year. It is mainly concentrated in the main stream of Dadu River, accounting for about 53% of the waste water power of the whole province; The abandoned water in Qinghai Province has increased over last year, with about 4 billion kwh, an increase of 1.85 billion kwh over the same period last year; The waste water and electricity in other provinces remained at a low level. China's abandoned wind power is about 16.6 billion kwh, with an average utilization rate of 96.5%, an increase of 0.5 percentage points over the same period last year. The national average wind abandonment rate was 3%, a year-on-year decrease of 1 percentage point, especially in Xinjiang, Gansu and Mengxi. The wind abandonment rate in Xinjiang, Gansu and Mengxi decreased significantly year-on-year, with a year-on-year decrease of 10.3%, 6.4% and 7% respectively. The national abandoned photovoltaic capacity was 5.26 billion kwh, with an average utilization rate of 98%, which was the same as that of last year. In Northwest China, where the photovoltaic consumption problem is more prominent, the light rejection rate decreased to 4.8%, a year-on-year decrease of 1.1 percentage points, especially in Xinjiang and Gansu, which decreased further to 4.6% and 2.2% respectively, a year-on-year decrease of 2.8 and 2.0 percentage points.


In order to promote the high-quality development of clean energy, in May 2020, the National Energy Administration issued the guidance on establishing and improving the long-term mechanism for clean energy consumption (Exposure Draft), which proposed to "build a clean energy development mechanism with consumption as the core", "accelerate the formation of a power market mechanism conducive to clean energy consumption" and "comprehensively improve the regulation capacity of the power system" We will establish and improve a long-term mechanism for clean energy consumption from the five aspects of "promoting the innovation of clean energy consumption model" and "building a closed-loop supervision system for clean energy consumption". 2020 is also the first year for China to officially implement the renewable energy power consumption guarantee mechanism. In May, the national development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration jointly issued it The notice on the weight of renewable energy power consumption responsibility of each provincial administrative region in 2020 defines the provinces (regions and cities) In 2020, the minimum and incentive values of the total responsibility weight and non hydropower responsibility weight of renewable energy power consumption. Since July, many places have issued implementation plans for renewable energy power consumption, requiring various market entities to complete the corresponding consumption of renewable energy and non-aqueous renewable energy, and substantially promote the implementation of the quota system.